webauthn_rp

response.rs (99808B)

---

 extern crate alloc;
 use crate::{
     request::{register::{PublicKeyCredentialUserEntity, UserHandle}, Challenge, RpId, Url},
     response::{
         auth::error::{
             AuthCeremonyErr, AuthenticatorDataErr as AuthAuthDataErr,
             AuthenticatorExtensionOutputErr as AuthAuthExtErr,
         },
         error::{CollectedClientDataErr, CredentialIdErr},
         register::error::{AttestationObjectErr, AttestedCredentialDataErr, AuthenticatorDataErr as RegAuthDataErr, AuthenticatorExtensionOutputErr as RegAuthExtErr, PubKeyErr, RegCeremonyErr},
     },
 };
 use alloc::borrow::Cow;
 use core::{
     borrow::Borrow,
     cmp::Ordering,
     convert::Infallible,
     fmt::{self, Display, Formatter},
     hash::{Hash, Hasher},
     str,
 };
 use data_encoding::BASE64URL_NOPAD;
 use rsa::sha2::{digest::OutputSizeUser as _, Sha256};
 #[cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")]
 use ser_relaxed::SerdeJsonErr;
 /// Contains functionality for completing the
 /// [authentication ceremony](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authentication-ceremony).
 ///
 /// # Examples
 ///
 /// ```no_run
 /// # use data_encoding::BASE64URL_NOPAD;
 /// # #[cfg(not(feature = "serializable_server_state"))]
 /// # use webauthn_rp::request::{FixedCapHashSet, InsertResult};
 /// # use webauthn_rp::{
 /// #     request::{auth::{error::RequestOptionsErr, AuthenticationClientState, PublicKeyCredentialRequestOptions, AuthenticationVerificationOptions}, error::AsciiDomainErr, register::{UserHandle, USER_HANDLE_MAX_LEN}, AsciiDomain, BackupReq, RpId},
 /// #     response::{auth::{error::AuthCeremonyErr, Authentication}, error::CollectedClientDataErr, register::{AuthenticatorExtensionOutputStaticState, CredentialProtectionPolicy, DynamicState, Ed25519PubKey, CompressedPubKey, StaticState}, AuthenticatorAttachment, Backup, CollectedClientData, CredentialId},
 /// #     AuthenticatedCredential, CredentialErr, PasskeyAuthentication64
 /// # };
 /// # #[derive(Debug)]
 /// # enum E {
 /// #     CollectedClientData(CollectedClientDataErr),
 /// #     RpId(AsciiDomainErr),
 /// #     RequestOptions(RequestOptionsErr),
 /// #     SerdeJson(serde_json::Error),
 /// #     MissingUserHandle,
 /// #     MissingCeremony,
 /// #     UnknownCredential,
 /// #     Credential(CredentialErr),
 /// #     AuthCeremony(AuthCeremonyErr),
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<AsciiDomainErr> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: AsciiDomainErr) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::RpId(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<CollectedClientDataErr> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: CollectedClientDataErr) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::CollectedClientData(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<RequestOptionsErr> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: RequestOptionsErr) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::RequestOptions(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<serde_json::Error> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: serde_json::Error) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::SerdeJson(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<CredentialErr> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: CredentialErr) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::Credential(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<AuthCeremonyErr> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: AuthCeremonyErr) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::AuthCeremony(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # #[cfg(not(feature = "serializable_server_state"))]
 /// let mut ceremonies = FixedCapHashSet::new(128);
 /// let rp_id = RpId::Domain(AsciiDomain::try_from("example.com".to_owned())?);
 /// let (server, client) = PublicKeyCredentialRequestOptions::passkey(&rp_id).start_ceremony()?;
 /// # #[cfg(not(feature = "serializable_server_state"))]
 /// assert!(matches!(
 ///     ceremonies.insert_or_replace_all_expired(server),
 ///     InsertResult::Success
 /// ));
 /// # #[cfg(feature = "serde")]
 /// let authentication = serde_json::from_str::<PasskeyAuthentication64>(get_authentication_json(client).as_str())?;
 /// # #[cfg(feature = "serde")]
 /// let user_handle = authentication.response().user_handle();
 /// # #[cfg(feature = "serde")]
 /// let (static_state, dynamic_state) = get_credential(authentication.raw_id(), user_handle.into()).ok_or(E::UnknownCredential)?;
 /// # #[cfg(all(feature = "custom", feature = "serde"))]
 /// let mut cred = AuthenticatedCredential::new(authentication.raw_id(), user_handle.into(), static_state, dynamic_state)?;
 /// # #[cfg(all(not(feature = "serializable_server_state"), feature = "custom", feature = "serde"))]
 /// if ceremonies.take(&authentication.challenge()?).ok_or(E::MissingCeremony)?.verify(&rp_id, &authentication, &mut cred, &AuthenticationVerificationOptions::<&str, &str>::default())? {
 ///     update_cred(authentication.raw_id(), cred.dynamic_state());
 /// }
 /// /// Send `AuthenticationClientState` and receive `Authentication` JSON from client.
 /// # #[cfg(feature = "serde")]
 /// fn get_authentication_json(client: AuthenticationClientState<'_, '_>) -> String {
 ///     // ⋮
 /// #     let client_data_json = BASE64URL_NOPAD.encode(serde_json::json!({
 /// #         "type": "webauthn.get",
 /// #         "challenge": client.options().challenge,
 /// #         "origin": format!("https://{}", client.options().rp_id.as_ref()),
 /// #         "crossOrigin": false
 /// #     }).to_string().as_bytes());
 /// #     serde_json::json!({
 /// #         "id": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA",
 /// #         "rawId": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA",
 /// #         "response": {
 /// #             "clientDataJSON": client_data_json,
 /// #             "authenticatorData": "",
 /// #             "signature": "",
 /// #             "userHandle": "AA"
 /// #         },
 /// #         "clientExtensionResults": {},
 /// #         "type": "public-key"
 /// #     }).to_string()
 /// }
 /// /// Gets the `AuthenticatedCredential` parts associated with `id` and `user_handle` from the database.
 /// fn get_credential(id: CredentialId<&[u8]>, user_handle: UserHandle<&[u8]>) -> Option<(StaticState<CompressedPubKey<[u8; 32], [u8; 32], [u8; 48], Vec<u8>>>, DynamicState)> {
 ///     // ⋮
 /// #     Some((StaticState { credential_public_key: CompressedPubKey::Ed25519(Ed25519PubKey::from([0; 32])), extensions: AuthenticatorExtensionOutputStaticState { cred_protect: CredentialProtectionPolicy::UserVerificationRequired, hmac_secret: None, } }, DynamicState { user_verified: true, backup: Backup::NotEligible, sign_count: 1, authenticator_attachment: AuthenticatorAttachment::None }))
 /// }
 /// /// Updates the current `DynamicState` associated with `id` in the database to
 /// /// `dyn_state`.
 /// fn update_cred(id: CredentialId<&[u8]>, dyn_state: DynamicState) {
 ///     // ⋮
 /// }
 /// # Ok::<_, E>(())
 /// ```
 pub mod auth;
 /// Contains functionality to (de)serialize data to a data store.
 #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "bin")))]
 #[cfg(feature = "bin")]
 pub mod bin;
 /// Contains constants useful for
 /// [CTAP2 canonical CBOR encoding form](https://fidoalliance.org/specs/fido-v2.2-rd-20230321/fido-client-to-authenticator-protocol-v2.2-rd-20230321.html#ctap2-canonical-cbor-encoding-form).
 mod cbor;
 /// Contains functionality that needs to be accessible when `bin` or `serde` are not enabled.
 #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "custom")))]
 #[cfg(feature = "custom")]
 pub mod custom;
 /// Contains error types.
 pub mod error;
 /// Contains functionality for completing the
 /// [registration ceremony](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#registration-ceremony).
 ///
 /// # Examples
 ///
 /// ```no_run
 /// # use data_encoding::BASE64URL_NOPAD;
 /// # #[cfg(not(feature = "serializable_server_state"))]
 /// # use webauthn_rp::request::{FixedCapHashSet, InsertResult};
 /// # use webauthn_rp::{
 /// #     request::{register::{error::CreationOptionsErr, PublicKeyCredentialCreationOptions, PublicKeyCredentialUserEntity, RegistrationClientState, UserHandle, USER_HANDLE_MAX_LEN, RegistrationVerificationOptions}, error::AsciiDomainErr, AsciiDomain, PublicKeyCredentialDescriptor, RpId},
 /// #     response::{register::{error::RegCeremonyErr, Registration}, error::CollectedClientDataErr, CollectedClientData},
 /// #     RegisteredCredential
 /// # };
 /// # #[derive(Debug)]
 /// # enum E {
 /// #     CollectedClientData(CollectedClientDataErr),
 /// #     RpId(AsciiDomainErr),
 /// #     CreationOptions(CreationOptionsErr),
 /// #     SerdeJson(serde_json::Error),
 /// #     MissingCeremony,
 /// #     RegCeremony(RegCeremonyErr),
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<AsciiDomainErr> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: AsciiDomainErr) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::RpId(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<CollectedClientDataErr> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: CollectedClientDataErr) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::CollectedClientData(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<CreationOptionsErr> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: CreationOptionsErr) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::CreationOptions(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<serde_json::Error> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: serde_json::Error) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::SerdeJson(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # impl From<RegCeremonyErr> for E {
 /// #     fn from(value: RegCeremonyErr) -> Self {
 /// #         Self::RegCeremony(value)
 /// #     }
 /// # }
 /// # #[cfg(not(feature = "serializable_server_state"))]
 /// let mut ceremonies = FixedCapHashSet::new(128);
 /// let rp_id = RpId::Domain(AsciiDomain::try_from("example.com".to_owned())?);
 /// let user_handle = get_user_handle();
 /// let handle = (&user_handle).into();
 /// let user = get_user_entity(handle);
 /// let creds = get_registered_credentials(handle);
 /// let (server, client) = PublicKeyCredentialCreationOptions::passkey(&rp_id, user, creds).start_ceremony()?;
 /// # #[cfg(not(feature = "serializable_server_state"))]
 /// assert!(matches!(
 ///     ceremonies.insert_or_replace_all_expired(server),
 ///     InsertResult::Success
 /// ));
 /// # #[cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")]
 /// let registration = serde_json::from_str::<Registration>(get_registration_json(client).as_str())?;
 /// let ver_opts = RegistrationVerificationOptions::<&str, &str>::default();
 /// # #[cfg(all(not(feature = "serializable_server_state"), feature = "custom", feature = "serde_relaxed"))]
 /// insert_cred(ceremonies.take(&registration.challenge()?).ok_or(E::MissingCeremony)?.verify(&rp_id, handle, &registration, &ver_opts)?);
 /// /// Extract `UserHandle` from session cookie if this is not the first credential registered.
 /// fn get_user_handle() -> UserHandle<[u8; USER_HANDLE_MAX_LEN]> {
 ///     // ⋮
 /// #     UserHandle::new_rand()
 /// }
 /// /// Fetch `PublicKeyCredentialUserEntity` info associated with `user`.
 /// ///
 /// /// If this is the first time a credential is being registered, then `PublicKeyCredentialUserEntity`
 /// /// will need to be constructed with `name` and `display_name` passed from the client and `UserHandle::new`
 /// /// used for `id`. Once created, this info can be stored such that the entity information
 /// /// does not need to be requested for subsequent registrations.
 /// fn get_user_entity(user: UserHandle<&[u8]>) -> PublicKeyCredentialUserEntity<&[u8]> {
 ///     // ⋮
 /// #     PublicKeyCredentialUserEntity {
 /// #         name: "foo".try_into().unwrap(),
 /// #         id: user,
 /// #         display_name: None,
 /// #     }
 /// }
 /// /// Send `RegistrationClientState` and receive `Registration` JSON from client.
 /// # #[cfg(feature = "serde")]
 /// fn get_registration_json(client: RegistrationClientState<'_, '_, '_, '_>) -> String {
 ///     // ⋮
 /// #     let client_data_json = BASE64URL_NOPAD.encode(serde_json::json!({
 /// #         "type": "webauthn.create",
 /// #         "challenge": client.options().challenge,
 /// #         "origin": format!("https://{}", client.options().rp_id.as_ref()),
 /// #         "crossOrigin": false
 /// #     }).to_string().as_bytes());
 /// #     serde_json::json!({
 /// #         "response": {
 /// #             "clientDataJSON": client_data_json,
 /// #             "attestationObject": ""
 /// #         }
 /// #     }).to_string()
 /// }
 /// /// Fetch the `PublicKeyCredentialDescriptor`s associated with `user`.
 /// ///
 /// /// This doesn't need to be called when this is the first credential registered for `user`; instead
 /// /// an empty `Vec` should be passed.
 /// fn get_registered_credentials(
 ///     user: UserHandle<&[u8]>,
 /// ) -> Vec<PublicKeyCredentialDescriptor<Vec<u8>>> {
 ///     // ⋮
 /// #     Vec::new()
 /// }
 /// /// Inserts `RegisteredCredential::into_parts` into the database.
 /// fn insert_cred(cred: RegisteredCredential<'_, '_>) {
 ///     // ⋮
 /// }
 /// # Ok::<_, E>(())
 /// ```
 pub mod register;
 /// Contains functionality to (de)serialize data to/from a client.
 #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "serde")))]
 #[cfg(feature = "serde")]
 mod ser;
 /// Contains functionality to deserialize data from a client in a "relaxed" way.
 #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")))]
 #[cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")]
 pub mod ser_relaxed;
 /// [Backup eligibility](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#backup-eligibility) and
 /// [backup state](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#backup-state).
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub enum Backup {
     /// [BE and BS](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags) flags are `0`.
     NotEligible,
     /// [BE and BS](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags) flags are `1` and `0` respectively.
     Eligible,
     /// [BE and BS](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags) flags are `1`.
     Exists,
 }
 impl PartialEq<&Self> for Backup {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &&Self) -> bool {
         *self == **other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<Backup> for &Backup {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &Backup) -> bool {
         **self == *other
     }
 }
 /// [`AuthenticatorTransport`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#enumdef-authenticatortransport).
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 pub enum AuthenticatorTransport {
     /// [`ble`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatortransport-ble).
     Ble,
     /// [`hybrid`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatortransport-hybrid).
     Hybrid,
     /// [`internal`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatortransport-internal).
     Internal,
     /// [`nfc`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatortransport-nfc).
     Nfc,
     /// [`smart-card`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatortransport-smart-card).
     SmartCard,
     /// [`usb`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatortransport-usb).
     Usb,
 }
 impl AuthenticatorTransport {
     /// Returns the encoded [`u8`] that `self` represents.
     const fn to_u8(self) -> u8 {
         match self {
             Self::Ble => 0x1,
             Self::Hybrid => 0x2,
             Self::Internal => 0x4,
             Self::Nfc => 0x8,
             Self::SmartCard => 0x10,
             Self::Usb => 0x20,
         }
     }
 }
 /// Set of [`AuthenticatorTransport`]s.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 pub struct AuthTransports(u8);
 impl AuthTransports {
     /// An empty `AuthTransports`.
     #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "custom")))]
     #[cfg(feature = "custom")]
     pub const NONE: Self = Self::new();
     /// An `AuthTransports` containing all possible [`AuthenticatorTransport`]s.
     #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "custom")))]
     #[cfg(feature = "custom")]
     pub const ALL: Self = Self::all();
     /// Construct an empty `AuthTransports`.
     #[cfg(any(feature = "bin", feature = "custom", feature = "serde"))]
     pub(super) const fn new() -> Self {
         Self(0)
     }
     #[cfg(any(feature = "bin", feature = "custom"))]
     /// Construct an `AuthTransports` containing all `AuthenticatorTransport`s.
     const fn all() -> Self {
         Self::new()
             .add_transport(AuthenticatorTransport::Ble)
             .add_transport(AuthenticatorTransport::Hybrid)
             .add_transport(AuthenticatorTransport::Internal)
             .add_transport(AuthenticatorTransport::Nfc)
             .add_transport(AuthenticatorTransport::SmartCard)
             .add_transport(AuthenticatorTransport::Usb)
     }
     /// Returns the number of [`AuthenticatorTransport`]s in `self`.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use webauthn_rp::response::AuthTransports;
     /// # #[cfg(feature = "custom")]
     /// assert_eq!(AuthTransports::ALL.count(), 6);
     /// ```
     #[inline]
     #[must_use]
     pub const fn count(self) -> u32 {
         self.0.count_ones()
     }
     /// Returns `true` iff there are no [`AuthenticatorTransport`]s in `self`.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use webauthn_rp::response::AuthTransports;
     /// # #[cfg(feature = "custom")]
     /// assert!(AuthTransports::NONE.is_empty());
     /// ```
     #[inline]
     #[must_use]
     pub const fn is_empty(self) -> bool {
         self.0 == 0
     }
     /// Returns `true` iff `self` contains `transport`.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use webauthn_rp::response::{AuthTransports, AuthenticatorTransport};
     /// # #[cfg(feature = "custom")]
     /// assert!(AuthTransports::ALL.contains(AuthenticatorTransport::Ble));
     /// ```
     #[inline]
     #[must_use]
     pub const fn contains(self, transport: AuthenticatorTransport) -> bool {
         let val = transport.to_u8();
         self.0 & val == val
     }
     /// Returns a copy of `self` with `transport` added.
     ///
     /// `self` is returned iff `transport` already exists.
     #[cfg(any(feature = "bin", feature = "custom", feature = "serde"))]
     const fn add_transport(self, transport: AuthenticatorTransport) -> Self {
         Self(self.0 | transport.to_u8())
     }
     /// Returns a copy of `self` with `transport` added.
     ///
     /// `self` is returned iff `transport` already exists.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use webauthn_rp::response::{AuthTransports, AuthenticatorTransport};
     /// assert_eq!(
     ///     AuthTransports::NONE
     ///         .add(AuthenticatorTransport::Usb)
     ///         .count(),
     ///     1
     /// );
     /// assert_eq!(
     ///     AuthTransports::ALL.add(AuthenticatorTransport::Usb).count(),
     ///     6
     /// );
     /// ```
     #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "custom")))]
     #[cfg(feature = "custom")]
     #[inline]
     #[must_use]
     pub const fn add(self, transport: AuthenticatorTransport) -> Self {
         self.add_transport(transport)
     }
     /// Returns a copy of `self` with `transport` removed.
     ///
     /// `self` is returned iff `transport` did not exist.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use webauthn_rp::response::{AuthTransports, AuthenticatorTransport};
     /// assert_eq!(
     ///     AuthTransports::ALL
     ///         .remove(AuthenticatorTransport::Internal)
     ///         .count(),
     ///     5
     /// );
     /// assert_eq!(
     ///     AuthTransports::NONE.remove(AuthenticatorTransport::Usb).count(),
     ///     0
     /// );
     /// ```
     #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "custom")))]
     #[cfg(feature = "custom")]
     #[inline]
     #[must_use]
     pub const fn remove(self, transport: AuthenticatorTransport) -> Self {
         Self(self.0 & !transport.to_u8())
     }
 }
 /// [`AuthenticatorAttachment`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#enumdef-authenticatorattachment).
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub enum AuthenticatorAttachment {
     /// No attachment information.
     None,
     /// [`platform`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatorattachment-platform).
     Platform,
     /// [`cross-platform`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatorattachment-cross-platform).
     CrossPlatform,
 }
 impl PartialEq<&Self> for AuthenticatorAttachment {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &&Self) -> bool {
         *self == **other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<AuthenticatorAttachment> for &AuthenticatorAttachment {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &AuthenticatorAttachment) -> bool {
         **self == *other
     }
 }
 /// The maximum number of bytes that can make up a Credential ID
 /// [per WebAuthn](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#credential-id).
 pub const CRED_ID_MAX_LEN: usize = 1023;
 /// The minimum number of bytes that can make up a Credential ID
 /// [per WebAuthn](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#credential-id).
 ///
 /// The spec does not call out this value directly instead it states the following:
 ///
 /// > Credential IDs are generated by authenticators in two forms:
 /// >
 /// > * At least 16 bytes that include at least 100 bits of entropy, or
 /// > * The [public key credential source](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#public-key-credential-source),
 /// >   without its Credential ID or mutable items, encrypted so only its managing
 /// >   authenticator can decrypt it. This form allows the authenticator to be nearly
 /// >   stateless, by having the Relying Party store any necessary state.
 ///
 /// One of the immutable items of the public key credential source is the private key
 /// which for any real-world signature algorithm will always be at least 16 bytes.
 pub const CRED_ID_MIN_LEN: usize = 16;
 /// A [Credential ID](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#credential-id) that is made up of
 /// [`CRED_ID_MIN_LEN`]–[`CRED_ID_MAX_LEN`] bytes.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 pub struct CredentialId<T>(T);
 impl<T> CredentialId<T> {
     /// Returns the contained data consuming `self`.
     #[inline]
     pub fn into_inner(self) -> T {
         self.0
     }
     /// Returns the contained data.
     #[inline]
     pub const fn inner(&self) -> &T {
         &self.0
     }
 }
 impl<'a> CredentialId<&'a [u8]> {
     /// Creates a `CredentialId` from a `slice`.
     fn from_slice<'b: 'a>(value: &'b [u8]) -> Result<Self, CredentialIdErr> {
         if (CRED_ID_MIN_LEN..=CRED_ID_MAX_LEN).contains(&value.len()) {
             Ok(Self(value))
         } else {
             Err(CredentialIdErr)
         }
     }
 }
 impl<T: AsRef<[u8]>> AsRef<[u8]> for CredentialId<T> {
     #[inline]
     fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
         self.0.as_ref()
     }
 }
 impl<T: Borrow<[u8]>> Borrow<[u8]> for CredentialId<T> {
     #[inline]
     fn borrow(&self) -> &[u8] {
         self.0.borrow()
     }
 }
 impl<'a: 'b, 'b> From<&'a CredentialId<Vec<u8>>> for CredentialId<&'b Vec<u8>> {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: &'a CredentialId<Vec<u8>>) -> Self {
         Self(&value.0)
     }
 }
 impl<'a: 'b, 'b> From<CredentialId<&'a Vec<u8>>> for CredentialId<&'b [u8]> {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: CredentialId<&'a Vec<u8>>) -> Self {
         Self(value.0.as_slice())
     }
 }
 impl<'a: 'b, 'b> From<&'a CredentialId<Vec<u8>>> for CredentialId<&'b [u8]> {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: &'a CredentialId<Vec<u8>>) -> Self {
         Self(value.0.as_slice())
     }
 }
 impl From<CredentialId<&[u8]>> for CredentialId<Vec<u8>> {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: CredentialId<&[u8]>) -> Self {
         Self(value.0.to_owned())
     }
 }
 impl<T: PartialEq<T2>, T2: PartialEq<T>> PartialEq<CredentialId<T>> for CredentialId<T2> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &CredentialId<T>) -> bool {
         self.0 == other.0
     }
 }
 impl<T: PartialEq<T2>, T2: PartialEq<T>> PartialEq<CredentialId<T>> for &CredentialId<T2> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &CredentialId<T>) -> bool {
         **self == *other
     }
 }
 impl<T: PartialEq<T2>, T2: PartialEq<T>> PartialEq<&CredentialId<T>> for CredentialId<T2> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &&CredentialId<T>) -> bool {
         *self == **other
     }
 }
 impl<T: Eq> Eq for CredentialId<T> {}
 impl<T: Hash> Hash for CredentialId<T> {
     #[inline]
     fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
         self.0.hash(state);
     }
 }
 // We define a separate type to ensure challenges sent to the client are always randomly generated;
 // otherwise one could deserialize arbitrary data into a `Challenge`.
 /// Copy of [`Challenge`] sent back from the client.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct SentChallenge(pub u128);
 impl PartialEq<&Self> for SentChallenge {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &&Self) -> bool {
         *self == **other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<SentChallenge> for &SentChallenge {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &SentChallenge) -> bool {
         **self == *other
     }
 }
 impl PartialOrd for SentChallenge {
     #[inline]
     fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
         Some(self.cmp(other))
     }
 }
 impl Ord for SentChallenge {
     #[inline]
     fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
         self.0.cmp(&other.0)
     }
 }
 impl Hash for SentChallenge {
     #[inline]
     fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
         state.write_u128(self.0);
     }
 }
 /// An [`origin`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-origin) or
 /// [`topOrigin`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-toporigin).
 #[derive(Debug, Eq)]
 pub struct Origin<'a>(pub Cow<'a, str>);
 impl PartialEq<Origin<'_>> for Origin<'_> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &Origin<'_>) -> bool {
         self.0 == other.0
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<&Origin<'_>> for Origin<'_> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &&Origin<'_>) -> bool {
         *self == **other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<Origin<'_>> for &Origin<'_> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &Origin<'_>) -> bool {
         **self == *other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<str> for Origin<'_> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &str) -> bool {
         self.0.as_ref() == other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<Origin<'_>> for str {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &Origin<'_>) -> bool {
         *other == *self
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<&str> for Origin<'_> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &&str) -> bool {
         *self == **other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<Origin<'_>> for &str {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &Origin<'_>) -> bool {
         **self == *other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<String> for Origin<'_> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &String) -> bool {
         self.0 == *other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<Origin<'_>> for String {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &Origin<'_>) -> bool {
         *other == *self
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<Url> for Origin<'_> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &Url) -> bool {
         self.0.as_ref() == other.as_ref()
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<Origin<'_>> for Url {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &Origin<'_>) -> bool {
         *other == *self
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<&Url> for Origin<'_> {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &&Url) -> bool {
         *self == **other
     }
 }
 impl PartialEq<Origin<'_>> for &Url {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &Origin<'_>) -> bool {
         **self == *other
     }
 }
 /// [Authenticator data flags](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags).
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 pub struct Flag {
     /// [`UP` flag](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags-up).
     ///
     /// Note this is always `true` when part of [`auth::AuthenticatorData::flags`].
     pub user_present: bool,
     /// [`UV` flag](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#concept-user-verified).
     pub user_verified: bool,
     /// [`BE`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#backup-eligibility) and
     /// [`BS`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#backup-state) flags.
     pub backup: Backup,
 }
 /// [Authenticator data](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authenticator-data).
 pub(super) trait AuthData<'a>: Sized {
     /// Error returned by [`Self::user_is_not_present`].
     ///
     /// This should be [`Infallible`] in the event user must not always be present.
     type UpBitErr;
     /// [`attestedCredentialData`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-attestedcredentialdata).
     type CredData;
     /// [`extensions`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-extensions).
     type Ext: AuthExtOutput + Copy;
     /// Errors iff the user must always be present.
     fn user_is_not_present() -> Result<(), Self::UpBitErr>;
     /// `true` iff `AT` bit (i.e., bit 6) in [`Self::flag_data`] can and must be set to 1.
     fn contains_at_bit() -> bool;
     /// Constructor.
     fn new(rp_id_hash: &'a [u8], flags: Flag, sign_count: u32, attested_credential_data: Self::CredData, extensions: Self::Ext) -> Self;
     /// [`rpIdHash`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-rpidhash).
     fn rp_hash(&self) -> &'a [u8];
     /// [`flags`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags).
     fn flag(&self) -> Flag;
 }
 /// [`CollectedClientData`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-collectedclientdata).
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct CollectedClientData<'a> {
     /// [`challenge`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-challenge).
     pub challenge: SentChallenge,
     /// [`origin`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-origin).
     pub origin: Origin<'a>,
     /// [`crossOrigin`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-crossorigin).
     pub cross_origin: bool,
     /// [`topOrigin`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-toporigin).
     ///
     /// When `CollectedClientData` is constructed via [`Self::from_client_data_json`], this can only be
     /// `Some` if [`Self::cross_origin`]; and if `Some`, it will be different than [`Self::origin`].
     pub top_origin: Option<Origin<'a>>,
 }
 impl<'a> CollectedClientData<'a> {
     /// Parses `json` based on the
     /// [limited verification algorithm](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#clientdatajson-verification).
     ///
     /// Additionally, [`topOrigin`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-toporigin) is only
     /// allowed to exist if it has a different value than
     /// [`origin`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-origin) and
     /// [`crossOrigin`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-crossorigin) is `true`.
     ///
     /// `REGISTRATION` iff [`type`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-type) must be
     /// `"webauthn.create"`; otherwise it must be `"webauthn.get"`.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// Errors iff `json` cannot be parsed based on the aforementioned requirements.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use webauthn_rp::response::{error::CollectedClientDataErr, CollectedClientData};
     /// assert!(!CollectedClientData::from_client_data_json::<true>(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice())?.cross_origin);
     /// assert!(!CollectedClientData::from_client_data_json::<false>(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice())?.cross_origin);
     /// # Ok::<_, CollectedClientDataErr>(())
     /// ```
     #[inline]
     pub fn from_client_data_json<'b: 'a, const REGISTRATION: bool>(json: &'b [u8]) -> Result<Self, CollectedClientDataErr> {
         LimitedVerificationParser::<REGISTRATION>::parse(json)
     }
     /// Parses `json` in a "relaxed" way.
     ///
     /// Unlike [`Self::from_client_data_json`] which requires `json` to be an output from the
     /// [JSON-compatible serialization of client data](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#clientdatajson-serialization),
     /// this parses `json` based entirely on the
     /// [`CollectedClientData`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-collectedclientdata) Web IDL `dictionary`.
     ///
     /// L1 clients predate the JSON-compatible serialization of client data; additionally there are L2 and L3
     /// clients that don't adhere to the JSON-compatible serialization of client data despite being required to.
     /// These clients serialize `CollectedClientData` so that it's valid JSON and conforms to the Web IDL `dictionary`
     /// and nothing more. Furthermore, when not relying on the
     /// [limited verification algorithm](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#clientdatajson-verification), the spec
     /// requires the data to be decoded in a way equivalent to
     /// [UTF-8 decode](https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-8-decode) which both interprets a leading zero
     /// width no-breaking space (i.e., U+FEFF) as a byte-order mark (BOM) as well as replaces any sequences of
     /// invalid UTF-8 code units with the replacement character (i.e., U+FFFD). That is precisely what this
     /// function does.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// Errors iff any of the following is true:
     /// * The payload is not valid JSON _after_ ignoring a leading U+FEFF and replacing any sequences of invalid
     ///   UTF-8 code units with U+FFFD.
     /// * The JSON does not conform to the Web IDL `dictionary`.
     /// * [`type`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-type) is not `"webauthn.create"`
     ///   or `"webauthn.get"` when `REGISTRATION` and `!REGISTRATION` respectively.
     /// * [`challenge`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-challenge) is not a
     ///   base64url-encoded [`Challenge`].
     /// * Existence of duplicate keys for the keys that are expected.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use webauthn_rp::response::{ser_relaxed::SerdeJsonErr, CollectedClientData};
     /// assert!(!CollectedClientData::from_client_data_json_relaxed::<true>(b"\xef\xbb\xbf{
     ///   \"type\": \"webauthn.create\",
     ///   \"origin\": \"https://example.com\",
     ///   \"f\xffo\": 123,
     ///   \"topOrigin\": \"https://example.com\",
     ///   \"challenge\": \"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA\"
     /// }")?.cross_origin);
     /// # Ok::<_, SerdeJsonErr>(())
     /// ```
     #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")))]
     #[cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn from_client_data_json_relaxed<'b: 'a, const REGISTRATION: bool>(json: &'b [u8]) -> Result<Self, SerdeJsonErr> {
         ser_relaxed::RelaxedClientDataJsonParser::<REGISTRATION>::parse(json)
     }
 }
 /// Parser of 
 /// [`JSON-compatible serialization of client data`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#collectedclientdata-json-compatible-serialization-of-client-data).
 trait ClientDataJsonParser {
     /// Error returned by [`Self::parse`].
     type Err;
     /// Parses `json` into `CollectedClientData` based on the value of
     /// [`type`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-type).
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// Errors iff `json` cannot be parsed into a `CollectedClientData`.
     fn parse(json: &[u8]) -> Result<CollectedClientData<'_>, Self::Err>;
     /// Extracts [`challenge`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-challenge)
     /// from `json`.
     ///
     /// Note `json` should be minimally parsed such that only `challenge` is extracted; thus
     /// `Ok` being returned does _not_ mean `json` is in fact valid.
     fn get_sent_challenge(json: &[u8]) -> Result<SentChallenge, Self::Err>;
 }
 /// [`ClientDataJsonParser`] based on the
 /// [limited verification algorithm](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#clientdatajson-verification)
 /// with the following additional requirements:
 /// * Unknown keys are not allowed.
 /// * The entire payload is parsed; thus the payload is guaranteed to be valid UTF-8 and JSON.
 /// * [`CollectedClientData::top_origin`] can only be `Some` if
 ///   [`crossOrigin`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-crossorigin).
 /// * If `CollectedClientData::top_origin` is `Some`, then it does not equal [`CollectedClientData::origin`].
 ///
 /// `REGISTRATION` iff [`ClientDataJsonParser::parse`] requires
 /// [`type`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-collectedclientdata-type) to be `"webauthn.create"`;
 /// otherwise it must be `"webauthn.get"`.
 struct LimitedVerificationParser<const REGISTRATION: bool>;
 impl<const R: bool> LimitedVerificationParser<R> {
     /// Parses `val` as a JSON string with possibly trailing data. `val` MUST NOT begin with an opening quote. Upon
     /// encountering the first non-escaped quote, the parsed value is returned in addition to the remaining
     /// portion of `val` _after_ the closing quote. The limited verification algorithm is adhered to; thus the
     /// _only_ Unicode scalar values that are allowed (and must) be hex-escaped are U+0000 to U+001F inclusively.
     /// Similarly only `b'\\'` and `b'"'` are allowed (and must) be escaped with `b'\\'`.
     #[expect(unsafe_code, reason = "comment justifies its correctness")] 
     #[expect(clippy::arithmetic_side_effects, clippy::indexing_slicing, reason = "comments justify their correctness")]
     fn parse_string(val: &[u8]) -> Result<(Cow<'_, str>, &'_ [u8]), CollectedClientDataErr> {
         /// Tracks the state of the current Unicode scalar value that is being parsed.
         enum State {
             /// We are not parsing `'"'`, `'\\'`, or U+0000 to U+001F.
             Normal,
             /// We just encountered the escape character.
             Escape,
             /// We just encountered `b"\\u"`.
             UnicodeEscape,
             /// We just encountered `b"\\u0"`.
             UnicodeHex1,
             /// We just encountered `b"\\u00"`.
             UnicodeHex2,
             /// We just encountered `b"\\u000"` or `b"\\u001"`. The contained `u8` is `0` iff the former; otherwise
             /// `0x10`.
             UnicodeHex3(u8),
         }
         // We parse this as UTF-8 only at the end iff it is not empty. This contains all the potential Unicode scalar
         // values after de-escaping.
         let mut utf8 = Vec::new();
         // We check for all `u8`s already; thus we might as well check if we encounter a non-ASCII `u8`.
         // If we don't, then we can rely on `str::from_utf8_unchecked`.
         let mut all_ascii = true;
         // This tracks the start index of the next slice to add. We add slices iff we encounter the escape character or
         // we return the parsed `Cow` (i.e., encounter an unescaped `b'"'`).
         let mut cur_idx = 0;
         // The state of the yet-to-be-parsed Unicode scalar value.
         let mut state = State::Normal;
         for (counter, &b) in val.iter().enumerate() {
             match state {
                 State::Normal => {
                     match b {
                         b'"' => {
                             if utf8.is_empty() {
                                 if all_ascii {
                                     // `cur_idx` is 0 or 1. The latter is true iff `val` starts with a
                                     // `b'\\'` or `b'"'` but contains no other escaped characters.
                                     let s = &val[cur_idx..counter];
                                     // SAFETY:
                                     // `all_ascii` is `false` iff we encountered any `u8` that was not
                                     // an ASCII `u8`; thus we know `s` is valid ASCII which in turn means
                                     // it's valid UTF-8.
                                     let v = unsafe { str::from_utf8_unchecked(s) };
                                     // `val.len() > counter`, so indexing is fine and overflow cannot happen.
                                     return Ok((Cow::Borrowed(v), &val[counter + 1..]));
                                 }
                                 // `cur_idx` is 0 or 1. The latter is true iff `val` starts with a
                                 // `b'\\'` or `b'"'` but contains no other escaped characters.
                                 return str::from_utf8(&val[cur_idx..counter])
                                     .map_err(CollectedClientDataErr::Utf8)
                                     // `val.len() > counter`, so indexing is fine and overflow cannot happen.
                                     .map(|v| (Cow::Borrowed(v), &val[counter + 1..]));
                             }
                             // `val.len() > counter && counter >= cur_idx`, so indexing is fine and overflow
                             // cannot happen.
                             utf8.extend_from_slice(&val[cur_idx..counter]);
                             if all_ascii {
                                 // SAFETY:
                                 // `all_ascii` is `false` iff we encountered any `u8` that was not
                                 // an ASCII `u8`; thus we know `utf8` is valid ASCII which in turn means
                                 // it's valid UTF-8.
                                 let v = unsafe { String::from_utf8_unchecked(utf8) };
                                 // `val.len() > counter`, so indexing is fine and overflow cannot happen.
                                 return Ok((Cow::Owned(v), &val[counter + 1..]));
                             }
                             return String::from_utf8(utf8)
                                 .map_err(CollectedClientDataErr::Utf8Owned)
                                 // `val.len() > counter`, so indexing is fine and overflow cannot happen.
                                 .map(|v| (Cow::Owned(v), &val[counter + 1..]));
                         }
                         b'\\' => {
                             // Write the current slice of data.
                             utf8.extend_from_slice(&val[cur_idx..counter]);
                             state = State::Escape;
                         }
                         // ASCII is a subset of UTF-8 and this is a subset of ASCII. The code unit that is used for an
                         // ASCII Unicode scalar value _never_ appears in multi-code-unit Unicode scalar values; thus we
                         // error immediately.
                         ..=0x1f => return Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString),
                         128.. => all_ascii = false,
                         _ => (),
                     }
                 }
                 State::Escape => {
                     match b {
                         b'"' | b'\\' => {
                             // We start the next slice here since we need to add it.
                             cur_idx = counter;
                             state = State::Normal;
                         }
                         b'u' => {
                             state = State::UnicodeEscape;
                         }
                         _ => {
                             return Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString);
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 State::UnicodeEscape => {
                     if b != b'0' {
                         return Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString);
                     }
                     state = State::UnicodeHex1;
                 }
                 State::UnicodeHex1 => {
                     if b != b'0' {
                         return Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString);
                     }
                     state = State::UnicodeHex2;
                 }
                 State::UnicodeHex2 => {
                     state = State::UnicodeHex3(match b {
                         b'0' => 0,
                         b'1' => 0x10,
                         _ => return Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString),
                     });
                 }
                 State::UnicodeHex3(v) => {
                     match b {
                         // Only and all _lowercase_ hex is allowed.
                         b'0'..=b'9' | b'a'..=b'f' => {
                             // When `b < b'a'`, then `b >= b'0'`; and `b'a' > 87`; thus underflow cannot happen.
                             // Note `b'a' - 10 == 87`.
                             utf8.push(v | (b - if b < b'a' { b'0' } else { 87 }));
                             // `counter < val.len()`, so overflow cannot happen.
                             cur_idx = counter + 1;
                             state = State::Normal;
                         }
                         _ => return Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString),
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
         // We never encountered an unescaped `b'"'`; thus we could not parse a string.
         Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject)
     }
 }
 impl<const R: bool> ClientDataJsonParser for LimitedVerificationParser<R> {
     type Err = CollectedClientDataErr;
     #[expect(clippy::panic_in_result_fn, reason = "want to crash when there is a bug")]
     #[expect(clippy::little_endian_bytes, reason = "Challenge::serialize and this need to be consistent across architectures")]
     #[expect(clippy::too_many_lines, reason = "110 lines is fine")]
     fn parse(json: &[u8]) -> Result<CollectedClientData<'_>, Self::Err> {
         // `{"type":"webauthn.<create|get>","challenge":"<22 bytes>","origin":"<bytes>","crossOrigin":<true|false>[,"topOrigin":"<bytes>"][,<anything>]}`.
         /// First portion of `value`.
         const HEADER: &[u8; 18] = br#"{"type":"webauthn."#;
         /// `get`.
         const GET: &[u8; 3] = b"get";
         /// `create`.
         const CREATE: &[u8; 6] = b"create";
         /// Value after type before the start of the base64url-encoded challenge.
         const AFTER_TYPE: &[u8; 15] = br#"","challenge":""#;
         /// Value after challenge before the start of the origin value.
         const AFTER_CHALLENGE: &[u8; 12] = br#"","origin":""#;
         /// Value after origin before the start of the crossOrigin value.
         const AFTER_ORIGIN: &[u8; 15] = br#","crossOrigin":"#;
         /// `true`.
         const TRUE: &[u8; 4] = b"true";
         /// `false`.
         const FALSE: &[u8; 5] = b"false";
         /// Value after crossOrigin before the start of the topOrigin value.
         const AFTER_CROSS: &[u8; 13] = br#""topOrigin":""#;
         json.split_last().ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(last, last_rem)| {
             if *last == b'}' {
                 last_rem.split_at_checked(HEADER.len()).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(header, header_rem)| {
                     if header == HEADER {
                         if R {
                             header_rem.split_at_checked(CREATE.len()).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(create, create_rem)| {
                                 if create == CREATE {
                                     Ok(create_rem)
                                 } else {
                                     Err(CollectedClientDataErr::Type)
                                 }
                             })
                         } else {
                             header_rem.split_at_checked(GET.len()).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(get, get_rem)| {
                                 if get == GET {
                                     Ok(get_rem)
                                 } else {
                                     Err(CollectedClientDataErr::Type)
                                 }
                             })
                         }.and_then(|type_rem| {
                             type_rem.split_at_checked(AFTER_TYPE.len()).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(chall_key, chall_key_rem)| {
                                 if chall_key == AFTER_TYPE {
                                     chall_key_rem.split_at_checked(Challenge::BASE64_LEN).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(base64_chall, base64_chall_rem)| {
                                         let mut chall = [0; 16];
                                         BASE64URL_NOPAD.decode_mut(base64_chall, chall.as_mut_slice()).map_err(|_e| CollectedClientDataErr::Challenge).and_then(|chall_len| {
                                             assert_eq!(chall_len, 16, "there is a bug in BASE64URL_NOPAD::decode_mut");
                                             base64_chall_rem.split_at_checked(AFTER_CHALLENGE.len()).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(origin_key, origin_key_rem)| {
                                                 if origin_key == AFTER_CHALLENGE {
                                                     Self::parse_string(origin_key_rem).and_then(|(origin, origin_rem)| {
                                                         origin_rem.split_at_checked(AFTER_ORIGIN.len()).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(cross_key, cross_key_rem)| {
                                                             if cross_key == AFTER_ORIGIN {
                                                                 // `FALSE.len() > TRUE.len()`, so we check for `FALSE` in `and_then`.
                                                                 cross_key_rem.split_at_checked(TRUE.len()).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(cross_true, cross_true_rem)| {
                                                                     if cross_true == TRUE {
                                                                         Ok((true, cross_true_rem))
                                                                     } else {
                                                                         cross_key_rem.split_at_checked(FALSE.len()).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|(cross_false, cross_false_rem)| {
                                                                             if cross_false == FALSE {
                                                                                 Ok((false, cross_false_rem))
                                                                             } else {
                                                                                 Err(CollectedClientDataErr::CrossOrigin)
                                                                             }
                                                                         })
                                                                     }.and_then(|(cross, cross_rem)| {
                                                                         cross_rem.split_first().map_or(Ok((cross, None)), |(comma, comma_rem)| {
                                                                             if *comma == b',' {
                                                                                 comma_rem.split_at_checked(AFTER_CROSS.len()).map_or(Ok((cross, None)), |(top, top_rem)| {
                                                                                     if top == AFTER_CROSS {
                                                                                         if cross {
                                                                                             Self::parse_string(top_rem).and_then(|(top_origin, top_origin_rem)| {
                                                                                                 top_origin_rem.first().map_or(Ok(()), |v| {
                                                                                                     if *v == b',' {
                                                                                                         Ok(())
                                                                                                     } else {
                                                                                                         Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject)
                                                                                                     }
                                                                                                 }).and_then(|()| {
                                                                                                     if origin == top_origin {
                                                                                                         Err(CollectedClientDataErr::TopOriginSameAsOrigin)
                                                                                                     } else {
                                                                                                         Ok((true, Some(Origin(top_origin))))
                                                                                                     }
                                                                                                 })
                                                                                             })
                                                                                         } else {
                                                                                             Err(CollectedClientDataErr::TopOriginWithoutCrossOrigin)
                                                                                         }
                                                                                     } else {
                                                                                         Ok((cross, None))
                                                                                     }
                                                                                 })
                                                                             } else {
                                                                                 Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject)
                                                                             }
                                                                         }).map(|(cross_origin, top_origin)| CollectedClientData { challenge: SentChallenge(u128::from_le_bytes(chall)), origin: Origin(origin), cross_origin, top_origin, })
                                                                     })
                                                                 })
                                                             } else {
                                                                 Err(CollectedClientDataErr::CrossOriginKey)
                                                             }
                                                         })
                                                     })
                                                 } else {
                                                     Err(CollectedClientDataErr::OriginKey)
                                                 }
                                             })
                                         })
                                     })
                                 } else {
                                     Err(CollectedClientDataErr::ChallengeKey)
                                 }
                             })
                         })
                     } else {
                         Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidStart)
                     }
                 })
             } else {
                 Err(CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject)
             }
         })
     }
     #[expect(clippy::panic_in_result_fn, reason = "want to crash when there is a bug")]
     #[expect(clippy::arithmetic_side_effects, reason = "comment justifies correctness")]
     #[expect(clippy::little_endian_bytes, reason = "Challenge::serialize and this need to be consistent across architectures")]
     fn get_sent_challenge(json: &[u8]) -> Result<SentChallenge, Self::Err> {
         // Index 39.
         // `{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"...`.
         // Index 36.
         // `{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"...`.
         let idx = if R { 39 } else { 36 };
         // This maxes at 39 + 22 = 61; thus overflow is not an issue.
         json.get(idx..idx + Challenge::BASE64_LEN).ok_or(CollectedClientDataErr::Len).and_then(|chall_slice| {
             let mut chall = [0; 16];
             BASE64URL_NOPAD.decode_mut(chall_slice, chall.as_mut_slice()).map_err(|_e| CollectedClientDataErr::Challenge).map(|len| {
                 assert_eq!(len, 16, "there is a bug in BASE64URL_NOPAD::decode_mut");
                 SentChallenge(u128::from_le_bytes(chall))
             })
         })
     }
 }
 /// Authenticator extension outputs;
 pub(super) trait AuthExtOutput {
     /// MUST return `true` iff there is no data.
     fn missing(self) -> bool;
 }
 /// Successful return type from [`FromCbor::from_cbor`].
 struct CborSuccess<'a, T> {
     /// Value parsed from the slice.
     value: T,
     /// Remaining unprocessed data.
     remaining: &'a [u8],
 }
 /// Types that parse
 /// [CTAP2 canonical CBOR encoding form](https://fidoalliance.org/specs/fido-v2.2-rd-20230321/fido-client-to-authenticator-protocol-v2.2-rd-20230321.html#ctap2-canonical-cbor-encoding-form)
 /// data without necessarily consuming all the data.
 ///
 /// The purpose of this `trait` is to allow chains of types to progressively consume `cbor` by passing
 /// [`CborSuccess::remaining`] into the next `FromCbor` type.
 trait FromCbor<'a>: Sized {
     /// Error when conversion fails.
     type Err;
     /// Parses `cbor` into `Self`.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// Errors if `cbor` cannot be parsed into `Self:`.
     fn from_cbor(cbor: &'a [u8]) -> Result<CborSuccess<'a, Self>, Self::Err>;
 }
 /// Error returned from [`A::from_cbor`] `where A: AuthData`.
 enum AuthenticatorDataErr<UpErr, CredData, AuthExt> {
     /// The `slice` had an invalid length.
     Len,
     /// [UP](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags-at) bit was 0.
     UserNotPresent(UpErr),
     /// Bit 1 in [`flags`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags) is not 0.
     FlagsBit1Not0,
     /// Bit 5 in [`flags`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags) is not 0.
     FlagsBit5Not0,
     /// [AT](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags-at) bit was 0 during registration or was 1
     /// during authentication.
     AttestedCredentialData,
     /// [BE](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags-be) and
     /// [BS](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags-bs) bits were 0 and 1 respectively.
     BackupWithoutEligibility,
     /// Error returned from [`AttestedCredentialData::from_cbor`].
     AttestedCredential(CredData),
     /// Error returned from [`register::AuthenticatorExtensionOutput::from_cbor`] and
     /// [`auth::AuthenticatorExtensionOutput::from_cbor`].
     AuthenticatorExtension(AuthExt),
     /// [ED](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags-ed) bit was 0, but
     /// [`extensions`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-extensions) existed.
     NoExtensionBitWithData,
     /// [ED](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-flags-ed) bit was 1, but
     /// [`extensions`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authdata-extensions) did not exist.
     ExtensionBitWithoutData,
     /// There was trailing data that could not be deserialized.
     TrailingData,
 }
 impl<U, C: Display, A: Display> Display for AuthenticatorDataErr<U, C, A> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         match *self {
             Self::Len => f.write_str("authenticator data had an invalid length"),
             Self::UserNotPresent(_) => f.write_str("user was not present"),
             Self::FlagsBit1Not0 => f.write_str("flags 1-bit was 1"),
             Self::FlagsBit5Not0 => f.write_str("flags 5-bit was 1"),
             Self::AttestedCredentialData => f.write_str("attested credential data was included during authentication or was not included during registration"),
             Self::BackupWithoutEligibility => {
                 f.write_str("backup state bit was 1 despite backup eligibility being 0")
             }
             Self::AttestedCredential(ref err) => err.fmt(f),
             Self::AuthenticatorExtension(ref err) => err.fmt(f),
             Self::NoExtensionBitWithData => {
                 f.write_str("extension bit was 0 despite extensions existing")
             }
             Self::ExtensionBitWithoutData => {
                 f.write_str("extension bit was 1 despite no extensions existing")
             }
             Self::TrailingData => {
                 f.write_str("slice had trailing data that could not be deserialized")
             }
         }
     }
 }
 impl From<AuthenticatorDataErr<Infallible, AttestedCredentialDataErr, RegAuthExtErr>> for RegAuthDataErr {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: AuthenticatorDataErr<Infallible, AttestedCredentialDataErr, RegAuthExtErr>) -> Self {
         match value {
             AuthenticatorDataErr::Len => Self::Len,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::UserNotPresent(v) => match v {},
             AuthenticatorDataErr::FlagsBit1Not0 => Self::FlagsBit1Not0,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::FlagsBit5Not0 => Self::FlagsBit5Not0,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::AttestedCredentialData => Self::AttestedCredentialDataNotIncluded,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::BackupWithoutEligibility => Self::BackupWithoutEligibility,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::AttestedCredential(err) => Self::AttestedCredential(err),
             AuthenticatorDataErr::AuthenticatorExtension(err) => Self::AuthenticatorExtension(err),
             AuthenticatorDataErr::NoExtensionBitWithData => Self::NoExtensionBitWithData,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::ExtensionBitWithoutData => Self::ExtensionBitWithoutData,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::TrailingData => Self::TrailingData,
         }
     }
 }
 impl From<AuthenticatorDataErr<(), Infallible, AuthAuthExtErr>> for AuthAuthDataErr {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: AuthenticatorDataErr<(), Infallible, AuthAuthExtErr>) -> Self {
         match value {
             AuthenticatorDataErr::Len => Self::Len,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::UserNotPresent(()) => Self::UserNotPresent,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::FlagsBit1Not0 => Self::FlagsBit1Not0,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::FlagsBit5Not0 => Self::FlagsBit5Not0,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::AttestedCredentialData => Self::AttestedCredentialDataIncluded,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::AttestedCredential(val) => match val {},
             AuthenticatorDataErr::BackupWithoutEligibility => Self::BackupWithoutEligibility,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::AuthenticatorExtension(err) => Self::AuthenticatorExtension(err),
             AuthenticatorDataErr::NoExtensionBitWithData => Self::NoExtensionBitWithData,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::ExtensionBitWithoutData => Self::ExtensionBitWithoutData,
             AuthenticatorDataErr::TrailingData => Self::TrailingData,
         }
     }
 }
 impl<'a, A> FromCbor<'a> for A
 where
     A: AuthData<'a>,
     A::CredData: FromCbor<'a>,
     A::Ext: FromCbor<'a>,
 {
     type Err = AuthenticatorDataErr<A::UpBitErr, <A::CredData as FromCbor<'a>>::Err, <A::Ext as FromCbor<'a>>::Err>;
     #[expect(clippy::big_endian_bytes, reason = "CBOR integers are in big-endian")]
     fn from_cbor(cbor: &'a [u8]) -> Result<CborSuccess<'a, Self>, Self::Err> {
         /// Length of `signCount`.
         const SIGN_COUNT_LEN: usize = 4;
         /// `UP` bit (i.e., bit 0) set to 1.
         const UP: u8 = 0b0000_0001;
         /// `RFU1` bit (i.e., bit 1) set to 1.
         const RFU1: u8 = UP << 1;
         /// `UV` bit (i.e., bit 2) set to 1.
         const UV: u8 = RFU1 << 1;
         /// `BE` bit (i.e., bit 3) set to 1.
         const BE: u8 = UV << 1;
         /// `BS` bit (i.e., bit 4) set to 1.
         const BS: u8 = BE << 1;
         /// `RFU2` bit (i.e., bit 5) set to 1.
         const RFU2: u8 = BS << 1;
         /// `AT` bit (i.e., bit 6) set to 1.
         const AT: u8 = RFU2 << 1;
         /// `ED` bit (i.e., bit 7) set to 1.
         const ED: u8 = AT << 1;
         cbor.split_at_checked(Sha256::output_size()).ok_or_else(|| AuthenticatorDataErr::Len).and_then(|(rp_id_slice, rp_id_rem)| {
             rp_id_rem.split_first().ok_or_else(|| AuthenticatorDataErr::Len).and_then(|(&flag, flag_rem)| {
                 let user_present = flag & UP == UP;
                 if user_present {
                     Ok(())
                 } else {
                     A::user_is_not_present().map_err(AuthenticatorDataErr::UserNotPresent)   
                 }
                 .and_then(|()| {
                     if flag & RFU1 == 0 {
                         if flag & RFU2 == 0 {
                             let at_bit = A::contains_at_bit();
                             if flag & AT == AT {
                                 if at_bit {
                                     Ok(())
                                 } else {
                                     Err(AuthenticatorDataErr::AttestedCredentialData)
                                 }
                             } else if at_bit {
                                 Err(AuthenticatorDataErr::AttestedCredentialData)
                             } else {
                                 Ok(())
                             }.and_then(|()| {
                                 let bs = flag & BS == BS;
                                 if flag & BE == BE {
                                     if bs {
                                         Ok(Backup::Exists)
                                     } else {
                                         Ok(Backup::Eligible)
                                     }
                                 } else if bs {
                                     Err(AuthenticatorDataErr::BackupWithoutEligibility)
                                 } else {
                                     Ok(Backup::NotEligible)
                                 }
                                 .and_then(|backup| {
                                     flag_rem.split_at_checked(SIGN_COUNT_LEN).ok_or_else(|| AuthenticatorDataErr::Len).and_then(|(count_slice, count_rem)| {
                                         A::CredData::from_cbor(count_rem).map_err(AuthenticatorDataErr::AttestedCredential).and_then(|att_data| {
                                             A::Ext::from_cbor(att_data.remaining).map_err(AuthenticatorDataErr::AuthenticatorExtension).and_then(|ext| {
                                                 if ext.remaining.is_empty() {
                                                     let ed = flag & ED == ED;
                                                     if ext.value.missing() {
                                                         if ed {
                                                             Err(AuthenticatorDataErr::ExtensionBitWithoutData)
                                                         } else {
                                                             Ok(())
                                                         }
                                                     } else if ed {
                                                         Ok(())
                                                     } else {
                                                         Err(AuthenticatorDataErr::NoExtensionBitWithData)
                                                     }.map(|()| {
                                                         let mut sign_count = [0; SIGN_COUNT_LEN];
                                                         sign_count.copy_from_slice(count_slice);
                                                         // `signCount` is in big-endian.
                                                         CborSuccess { value: A::new(rp_id_slice, Flag { user_present, user_verified: flag & UV == UV, backup, }, u32::from_be_bytes(sign_count), att_data.value, ext.value), remaining: ext.remaining, }
                                                     })
                                                 } else {
                                                     Err(AuthenticatorDataErr::TrailingData)
                                                 }
                                             })
                                         })
                                     })
                                 })
                             })
                         } else {
                             Err(AuthenticatorDataErr::FlagsBit5Not0)
                         }
                     } else {
                         Err(AuthenticatorDataErr::FlagsBit1Not0)
                     }
                 })
             })
         })
     }
 }
 /// Data returned by [`AuthDataContainer::from_data`].
 pub(super) struct ParsedAuthData<'a, A> {
     /// The data the CBOR is parsed into.
     data: A,
     /// The raw authenticator data and 32-bytes of trailing data.
     auth_data_and_32_trailing_bytes: &'a [u8],
 }
 /// Error returned by [`AuthResponse::parse_data_and_verify_sig`].
 pub(super) enum AuthRespErr<AuthDataErr> {
     /// Variant returned when parsing
     /// [`clientDataJSON`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatorresponse-clientdatajson)
     /// into [`CollectedClientData`] fails.
     CollectedClientData(CollectedClientDataErr),
     /// Variant returned when parsing
     /// [`clientDataJSON`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatorresponse-clientdatajson)
     /// in a "relaxed" way into [`CollectedClientData`] fails.
     #[cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")]
     CollectedClientDataRelaxed(SerdeJsonErr),
     /// Variant returned when parsing [`AuthResponse::Auth`] fails.
     Auth(AuthDataErr),
     /// Variant when the [`CompressedPubKey`] or [`UncompressePubKey`] is not valid.
     PubKey(PubKeyErr),
     /// Variant returned when the signature, if one exists, associated with
     /// [`Self::AuthResponse`] is invalid.
     Signature,
 }
 impl<A: Display> Display for AuthRespErr<A> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         match *self {
             Self::CollectedClientData(ref err) => write!(f, "CollectedClientData could not be parsed: {err}"),
             #[cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")]
             Self::CollectedClientDataRelaxed(ref err) => write!(f, "CollectedClientData could not be parsed: {err}"),
             Self::Auth(ref err) => write!(f, "auth data could not be parsed: {err}"),
             Self::PubKey(err) => err.fmt(f),
             Self::Signature => f.write_str("the signature over the authenticator data and CollectedClientData could not be verified"),
         }
     }
 }
 impl From<AuthRespErr<AttestationObjectErr>> for RegCeremonyErr {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: AuthRespErr<AttestationObjectErr>) -> Self {
         match value {
             AuthRespErr::CollectedClientData(err) => Self::CollectedClientData(err),
             #[cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")]
             AuthRespErr::CollectedClientDataRelaxed(err) => Self::CollectedClientDataRelaxed(err),
             AuthRespErr::Auth(err) => Self::AttestationObject(err),
             AuthRespErr::PubKey(err) => Self::PubKey(err),
             AuthRespErr::Signature => Self::AttestationSignature,
         }
     }
 }
 impl From<AuthRespErr<AuthAuthDataErr>> for AuthCeremonyErr {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: AuthRespErr<AuthAuthDataErr>) -> Self {
         match value {
             AuthRespErr::CollectedClientData(err) => Self::CollectedClientData(err),
             #[cfg(feature = "serde_relaxed")]
             AuthRespErr::CollectedClientDataRelaxed(err) => Self::CollectedClientDataRelaxed(err),
             AuthRespErr::Auth(err) => Self::AuthenticatorData(err),
             AuthRespErr::PubKey(err) => Self::PubKey(err),
             AuthRespErr::Signature => Self::AssertionSignature,
         }
     }
 }
 /// [Authenticator data](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authenticator-data)
 /// container.
 ///
 /// Note [`Self::Auth`] may be `Self`.
 pub(super) trait AuthDataContainer<'a>: Sized {
     /// [Authenticator data](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authenticator-data).
     type Auth: AuthData<'a>;
     /// Error returned from [`Self::from_data`].
     type Err;
     /// Converts `data` into [`ParsedAuthData`].
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// Errors iff `data` cannot be converted into `ParsedAuthData`.
     fn from_data(data: &'a [u8]) -> Result<ParsedAuthData<'a, Self>, Self::Err>;
     /// Returns the contained
     /// [authenticator data](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authenticator-data).
     fn authenticator_data(&self) -> &Self::Auth;
 }
 /// [`AuthenticatorResponse`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authenticatorresponse).
 pub(super) trait AuthResponse {
     /// [Attestation object](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#attestation-object) or
     /// [authenticator data](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authenticator-data).
     type Auth<'a>: AuthDataContainer<'a> where Self: 'a;
     /// Public key to use to verify the contained signature.
     type CredKey<'a>;
     /// Parses
     /// [`clientDataJSON`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-authenticatorresponse-clientdatajson)
     /// based on `RELAXED` and [`Self::Auth`] via [`AuthDataContainer::from_data`] in addition to
     /// verifying any possible signature over the concatenation of the raw
     /// [`AuthDataContainer::Auth`] and `clientDataJSON` using `key` or the contained
     /// public key if one exists. If `Self` contains a public key and should not be passed one, then it should set
     /// [`Self::CredKey`] to `()`.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// Errors iff parsing `clientDataJSON` errors, [`AuthDataContainer::from_data`] does, or the signature
     /// is invalid.
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// `panic`s iff `relaxed` and `serde_relaxed` is not enabled.
     #[expect(
         clippy::type_complexity,
         reason = "type aliases with bounds are even more problematic at least until lazy_type_alias is stable"
     )]
     fn parse_data_and_verify_sig(&self, key: Self::CredKey<'_>, relaxed: bool) -> Result<(CollectedClientData<'_>, Self::Auth<'_>), AuthRespErr<<Self::Auth<'_> as AuthDataContainer<'_>>::Err>>;
 }
 /// Ceremony response (i.e., [`PublicKeyCredential`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#publickeycredential)).
 pub(super) trait Response {
     /// [`AuthenticatorResponse`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#authenticatorresponse).
     type Auth: AuthResponse;
     /// [`response`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dom-publickeycredential-response).
     fn auth(&self) -> &Self::Auth;
 }
 /// Error returned from [`Ceremony::partial_validate`].
 pub(super) enum CeremonyErr<AuthDataErr> {
     /// Timeout occurred.
     Timeout,
     /// Read [`AuthRespErr`] for information.
     AuthResp(AuthRespErr<AuthDataErr>),
     /// Origin did not validate.
     OriginMismatch,
     /// Cross origin was `true` but was not allowed to be.
     CrossOrigin,
     /// Top origin did not validate.
     TopOriginMismatch,
     /// Challenges don't match.
     ChallengeMismatch,
     /// `rpIdHash` does not match the SHA-256 hash of the [`RpId`].
     RpIdHashMismatch,
     /// User was not verified despite being required to.
     UserNotVerified,
     /// [`Backup::NotEligible`] was not sent back despite [`BackupReq::NotEligible`].
     BackupEligible,
     /// [`Backup::NotEligible`] was sent back despite [`BackupReq::Eligible`].
     BackupNotEligible,
     /// [`Backup::Exists`] was not sent back despite [`BackupReq::Exists`].
     BackupDoesNotExist,
 }
 impl<A: Display> Display for CeremonyErr<A> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         match *self {
             Self::Timeout => f.write_str("ceremony timed out"),
             Self::AuthResp(ref err) => err.fmt(f),
             Self::OriginMismatch => {
                 f.write_str("the origin sent from the client is not an allowed origin")
             }
             Self::CrossOrigin => {
                 f.write_str("cross origin was from the client, but it is not allowed")
             }
             Self::TopOriginMismatch => {
                 f.write_str("the top origin sent from the client is not an allowed top origin")
             }
             Self::ChallengeMismatch => f.write_str(
                 "the challenge sent to the client does not match the challenge sent back",
             ),
             Self::RpIdHashMismatch => f.write_str(
                 "the SHA-256 hash of the RP ID doesn't match the hash sent from the client",
             ),
             Self::UserNotVerified => f.write_str("user was not verified despite being required to"),
             Self::BackupEligible => f.write_str("credential is eligible to be backed up despite requiring that it not be"),
             Self::BackupNotEligible => f.write_str("credential is not eligible to be backed up despite requiring that it be"),
             Self::BackupDoesNotExist => f.write_str("credential backup does not exist despite requiring that a backup exist"),
         }
     }
 }
 impl From<CeremonyErr<AttestationObjectErr>> for RegCeremonyErr {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: CeremonyErr<AttestationObjectErr>) -> Self {
         match value {
             CeremonyErr::Timeout => Self::Timeout,
             CeremonyErr::AuthResp(err) => err.into(),
             CeremonyErr::OriginMismatch => Self::OriginMismatch,
             CeremonyErr::CrossOrigin => Self::CrossOrigin,
             CeremonyErr::TopOriginMismatch => Self::TopOriginMismatch,
             CeremonyErr::ChallengeMismatch => Self::ChallengeMismatch,
             CeremonyErr::RpIdHashMismatch => Self::RpIdHashMismatch,
             CeremonyErr::UserNotVerified => Self::UserNotVerified,
             CeremonyErr::BackupEligible => Self::BackupEligible,
             CeremonyErr::BackupNotEligible => Self::BackupNotEligible,
             CeremonyErr::BackupDoesNotExist => Self::BackupDoesNotExist,
         }
     }
 }
 impl From<CeremonyErr<AuthAuthDataErr>> for AuthCeremonyErr {
     #[inline]
     fn from(value: CeremonyErr<AuthAuthDataErr>) -> Self {
         match value {
             CeremonyErr::Timeout => Self::Timeout,
             CeremonyErr::AuthResp(err) => err.into(),
             CeremonyErr::OriginMismatch => Self::OriginMismatch,
             CeremonyErr::CrossOrigin => Self::CrossOrigin,
             CeremonyErr::TopOriginMismatch => Self::TopOriginMismatch,
             CeremonyErr::ChallengeMismatch => Self::ChallengeMismatch,
             CeremonyErr::RpIdHashMismatch => Self::RpIdHashMismatch,
             CeremonyErr::UserNotVerified => Self::UserNotVerified,
             CeremonyErr::BackupEligible => Self::BackupEligible,
             CeremonyErr::BackupNotEligible => Self::BackupNotEligible,
             CeremonyErr::BackupDoesNotExist => Self::BackupDoesNotExist,
         }
     }
 }
 /// [`AllAcceptedCredentialsOptions`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-allacceptedcredentialsoptions).
 ///
 /// This can be sent to _an already authenticated user_ to inform what credentials are currently registered.
 /// This can be useful when a user deletes credentials on the RP's side but does not do so on the authenticator.
 /// When the client forwards this response to the authenticator, it can remove all credentials that don't have
 /// a [`CredentialId`] in [`Self::all_accepted_credential_ids`].
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct AllAcceptedCredentialsOptions<'rp, 'user> {
     /// [`rpId`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-allacceptedcredentialsoptions-rpid).
     pub rp_id: &'rp RpId,
     /// [`userId`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-allacceptedcredentialsoptions-userid).
     pub user_id: UserHandle<&'user [u8]>,
     /// [`allAcceptedCredentialIds`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-allacceptedcredentialsoptions-allacceptedcredentialids).
     pub all_accepted_credential_ids: Vec<CredentialId<Vec<u8>>>,
 }
 /// [`CurrentUserDetailsOptions`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-currentuserdetailsoptions).
 ///
 /// This can be sent to _an already authenticated user_ to inform the user information.
 /// This can be useful when a user updates their user information on the RP's side but does not do so on the authenticator.
 /// When the client forwards this response to the authenticator, it can update the user info for the associated credential.
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct CurrentUserDetailsOptions<'rp, 'user_name, 'user_display_name, 'user_handle> {
     /// [`rpId`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-currentuserdetailsoptions-rpid).
     pub rp_id: &'rp RpId,
     /// [`userId`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-currentuserdetailsoptions-userid),
     /// [`name`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-currentuserdetailsoptions-name), and
     /// [`displayName`](https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn-3/#dictdef-currentuserdetailsoptions-displayname).
     pub user: PublicKeyCredentialUserEntity<'user_name, 'user_display_name, &'user_handle [u8]>,
 }
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::{CollectedClientDataErr, ClientDataJsonParser, LimitedVerificationParser};
     #[test]
     fn parse_string() {
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse_string(br#"abc""#)
             .map_or(false, |tup| { tup.0 == "abc" && tup.1 == br#""# }));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse_string(br#"abc"23"#)
             .map_or(false, |tup| { tup.0 == "abc" && tup.1 == br#"23"# }));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse_string(br#"ab\"c"23"#)
             .map_or(false, |tup| { tup.0 == r#"ab"c"# && tup.1 == br#"23"# }));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse_string(br#"ab\\c"23"#)
             .map_or(false, |tup| { tup.0 == r#"ab\c"# && tup.1 == br#"23"# }));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse_string(br#"ab\u001fc"23"#)
             .map_or(false, |tup| { tup.0 == "ab\u{001f}c" && tup.1 == br#"23"# }));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse_string(br#"ab\u000dc"23"#)
             .map_or(false, |tup| { tup.0 == "ab\u{000d}c" && tup.1 == br#"23"# }));
         assert!(
             LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse_string(b"\\\\\\\\\\\\a\\\\\\\\a\\\\\"").map_or(false, |tup| {
                 tup.0 == "\\\\\\a\\\\a\\" && tup.1.is_empty()
             })
         );
         assert!(
             LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse_string(b"\\\\\\\\\\a\\\\\\\\a\\\\\"").map_or_else(
                 |e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString),
                 |_| false
             )
         );
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse_string(br#"ab\u0020c"23"#).map_or_else(
             |err| matches!(err, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString),
             |_| false
         ));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse_string(br#"ab\ac"23"#).map_or_else(
             |err| matches!(err, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString),
             |_| false
         ));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse_string(br#"ab\""#).map_or_else(
             |err| matches!(err, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject),
             |_| false
         ));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse_string(br#"ab\u001Fc"23"#).map_or_else(
             |err| matches!(err, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString),
             |_| false
         ));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse_string([0, b'"'].as_slice()).map_or_else(
             |err| matches!(err, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString),
             |_| false
         ));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse_string([b'a', 255, b'"'].as_slice())
             .map_or_else(|err| matches!(err, CollectedClientDataErr::Utf8(_)), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse_string([b'a', b'"', 255].as_slice()).is_ok());
         assert!(
             LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse_string(br#"""#).map_or(false, |tup| tup.0.is_empty() && tup.1.is_empty())
         );
     }
     #[test]
     fn c_data_json() {
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false,{}}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true,"topOrigin":"bob"}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.map_or(false, |v| v == "bob")));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true,"topOrigin":"bob",a}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.map_or(false, |v| v == "bob")));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true,"topOrigin":"bob"a}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false,"topOrigin":""}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::TopOriginWithoutCrossOrigin), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false,"topOrigin":""}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Challenge), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0.is_empty() && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Type), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create", "challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::ChallengeKey), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::OriginKey), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\\e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://exampl\\e.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\"e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://exampl\"e.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\u0013e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://exampl\u{0013}e.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\3e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\u0020.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\u000A.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse([].as_slice())
             .map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Len), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"abc","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidStart), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","crossOrigin":false,"origin":"example.com"}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::OriginKey), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","topOrigin":"bob","crossOrigin":true}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::CrossOriginKey), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":"abc"}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::CrossOrigin), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true"a}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true","topOrigin":"https://abc.com"a}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(b"{\"type\":\"webauthn.get\",\"challenge\":\"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA\",\"origin\":\"https://example.com\",\"crossOrigin\":false,\xff}".as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true,"topOrigin":"bob"}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.map_or(false, |v| v == "bob")));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false,"topOrigin":""}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::TopOriginWithoutCrossOrigin), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false,"topOrigin":""}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Challenge), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0.is_empty() && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Type), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get", "challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::ChallengeKey), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(
             br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","crossOrigin":false}"#
                 .as_slice()
         )
         .map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::OriginKey), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\\e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://exampl\\e.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\"e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://exampl\"e.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\u0013e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://exampl\u{0013}e.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\3e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\e.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\u0020.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://exampl\u000A.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidEscapedString), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse([].as_slice())
             .map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Len), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"abc","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidStart), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","crossOrigin":false,"origin":"example.com"}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::OriginKey), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","topOrigin":"bob","crossOrigin":true}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::CrossOriginKey), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":"abc"}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::CrossOrigin), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true"a}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::InvalidObject), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":true,"topOrigin":"https://example.com"}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::TopOriginSameAsOrigin), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create","challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false,"foo":true}"#.as_slice()).map_or(false, |val| val.challenge.0 == 0 && val.origin.0 == "https://example.com" && !val.cross_origin && val.top_origin.is_none()));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.get","challengE":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossOrigin":false,"foo":true}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::ChallengeKey), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::parse(br#"{"type":"webauthn.create"challenge":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA","origin":"https://example.com","crossorigin":false,"foo":true}"#.as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::ChallengeKey), |_| false));
     }
     #[test]
     fn c_data_challenge() {
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::get_sent_challenge([].as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Len), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::get_sent_challenge([].as_slice()).map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Len), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::get_sent_challenge(b"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB").map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Challenge), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::get_sent_challenge(b"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB").map_or_else(|e| matches!(e, CollectedClientDataErr::Challenge), |_| false));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<true>::get_sent_challenge(b"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA".as_slice()).map_or(false, |c| c.0 == 0));
         assert!(LimitedVerificationParser::<false>::get_sent_challenge(b"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA".as_slice()).map_or(false, |c| c.0 == 0));
     }
 }